THE PAINKILLERS

Understanding Painkillers: Relieving Pain Safely

 

Painkillers, also known as analgesics, are medications used to relieve pain without addressing its root cause. They are widely used in medicine, but must be handled with care to avoid side effects, dependency, or misuse.

🔹 What is a painkiller?

 

A painkiller is a drug that targets pain, whether mild (like a headache) or severe (like postoperative or chronic pain).

 

🔹 The three levels of pain treatment

 

The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies painkiller

s into three "steps" or levels, based on pain intensity:

  • Level 1: Mild pain → Paracetamol, aspirin, ibuprofen.

  • Level 2: Moderate pain → Codeine, tramadol.

  • Level 3: Severe pain → Morphine, fentanyl.

 

🔹 Common painkillers and how they work

 

  • Paracetamol (acetaminophen): Well tolerated, good for pain and fever.

  • NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs): Like ibuprofen or ketoprofen, effective for inflammatory pain (arthritis, sprains…).

  • Opioids: Used for intense pain, often in hospital settings.

 

🔹 Precautions for use

 

Improper or long-term use of certain painkillers may lead to:

  • Digestive issues (especially with NSAIDs)

  • Liver toxicity (with high doses of paracetamol)

  • Addiction or dependency (with opioids)

👉 Always follow the dosage recommended by a healthcare provider.

 

🔹 Painkillers and self-medication

 

Self-medication is common but can be dangerous, especially in chronic conditions, during pregnancy, or when combined with other treatments.

  • Never exceed the recommended dose

  • Avoid mixing painkillers without medical advice

  • Don’t continue treatment beyond a few days without consultation

 

🔹 Natural pain relievers: are they effective?

 

Some natural remedies may help with mild pain: turmeric, ginger, essential oils (peppermint, lavender)… Their effectiveness varies and they should not replace medical treatment.

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✅ Key points

 

  • Painkillers are helpful but not risk-free.

  • Don’t let pain go untreated too long — seek advice.

  • Consult a healthcare professional if in doubt or if pain persists or worsens.