Dandruff: causes, common mistakes and effective solutions

1️⃣ Why does dandruff appear?

Dandruff is due to excessive flaking of the scalp. It is often linked to an overgrowth of a yeast called Malassezia, combined with individual sensitivity of the scalp.

We usually distinguish between:

• Dry dandruff: small, white flakes that fall easily onto the shoulders.
• Oily dandruff: thicker, yellowish scales that stick to the scalp, often with itching and redness.

Typical triggers:

• Stress, fatigue, lack of sleep
• Frequent washing with harsh shampoos
• Oily or irritated scalp
• Heavy styling products (gel, hairspray, wax)
• Seasonal changes (especially in winter)
• Conditions like eczema or psoriasis (require medical diagnosis)

2️⃣ Common mistakes to avoid

❌ 1. Scratching the scalp

Scratching provides short-term relief but worsens inflammation and may cause tiny wounds. Dandruff often appears “worse” afterwards.

❌ 2. Washing with very hot water

Hot water irritates the scalp, increases dryness and flaking. Lukewarm water is a better option.

❌ 3. Using a non-specific shampoo

Ordinary shampoos do not target Malassezia or inflammation. Dandruff quickly comes back when treatment stops.

❌ 4. Washing too rarely

In case of oily dandruff, long intervals between washes can aggravate greasiness and scaling.

❌ 5. Overusing styling products

Heavy gels, waxes and sprays can clog the scalp and worsen dandruff and itching.

3️⃣ Good habits for managing dandruff

• Use an anti-dandruff shampoo adapted to your type of dandruff (dry or oily).
• Wash 2–3 times a week with gentle, non-scratching massage.
• Leave the shampoo on for 3–5 minutes before rinsing to let the active ingredients work.
• Rinse with lukewarm water, not hot.
• Limit heavy styling products while dandruff is active.
• Clean your hairbrush regularly (warm water + mild soap).

4️⃣ Product selection for dandruff (Amazon UK)

Here is a selection of anti-dandruff shampoos available on Amazon UK. Links use the Tropisanté affiliate tag (tropisante-21).

1. Ducray Kelual DS – Anti-Dandruff Shampoo

Treatment shampoo for severe or oily dandruff with redness. Often used as a short course.

Amazon link:
👉 View Ducray Kelual DS on Amazon.co.uk

2. Nizoral – Anti-Dandruff Shampoo (ketoconazole)

Anti-fungal shampoo containing ketoconazole, effective against Malassezia. Use as directed.

Amazon link:
👉 View Nizoral on Amazon.co.uk

3. Vichy Dercos – Anti-Dandruff Shampoo

Well-balanced anti-dandruff shampoo, available for dry, normal or oily hair types.

Amazon link:
👉 View Vichy Dercos on Amazon.co.uk

4. La Roche-Posay – Kerium DS

Micro-exfoliating shampoo for persistent dandruff and itching, suitable for sensitive scalps.

Amazon link:
👉 View Kerium DS on Amazon.co.uk

5. Head & Shoulders – Clinical Strength

Stronger anti-dandruff shampoo for persistent flakes and itching, easy to find and use.

Amazon link:
👉 View Head & Shoulders Clinical on Amazon.co.uk

6. Neutrogena T/Gel – Therapeutic Shampoo

Coal tar-based shampoo, often recommended for thick scales, itching and severe flaking.

Amazon link:
👉 View Neutrogena T/Gel on Amazon.co.uk

5️⃣ FAQ – Dandruff

Is dandruff contagious?
No, dandruff itself is not considered contagious.

Can dandruff make my hair fall out?
Severe inflammation and scratching can weaken hair at the root. In case of heavy hair loss, see a doctor.

How long does it take to see improvement?
With regular use (2–3 times a week) of a suitable anti-dandruff shampoo, most people see improvement within a few weeks.

Can I alternate with a regular shampoo?
Yes, many people alternate an anti-dandruff shampoo with a gentle everyday shampoo once symptoms are under control.

⚠️ Warnings

• If you notice thick red plaques, oozing or pain: seek dermatological advice.
• Intense itching, suspected psoriasis or eczema should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
• Avoid pure vinegar or harsh DIY mixtures directly on the scalp.

Advice written by a pharmacist graduated from the Faculty of Paris. This information does not replace a medical consultation.
This article contains Amazon affiliate links: your purchase may support Tropisanté at no extra cost for you.