Herniated disc: understanding, treating, preventing

 

What is a herniated disc?

 

A herniated disc occurs when an intervertebral disc (the cushion between two vertebrae) cracks, allowing part of its gel-like core to protrude. This bulge can compress a nerve and cause pain and neurological symptoms.

Symptoms

 

• Low back or neck pain radiating to a leg or arm

• Burning sensation, numbness, tingling

• Muscle weakness in some cases

• Pain worsens with exertion, coughing, or sudden movements

Causes and risk factors

 

 

• Natural aging of the discs

• Repeated physical effort, heavy lifting

• Poor posture maintained over time

• Overweight and sedentary lifestyle

• Genetic predisposition

Treatments

 

• Painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs

• Physiotherapy: muscle strengthening, gentle stretching

• Corticosteroid injections if pain persists

• Surgery as a last resort (if severe nerve compression)

Prevention

 

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Practice good posture at work and daily life

• Engage in regular physical activity (swimming, walking, yoga)

• Avoid heavy lifting

• Strengthen back and abdominal muscles

Conclusion

 

Herniated disc is common, but appropriate care can relieve pain, prevent recurrences, and preserve mobility.